This research report examines the implementation of national action plans (NAP) to address antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Egypt, Russia, and South Africa. The report identified seven essential components of sustainable NAP implementation:

• • Strategic vision
  • Participation
  • Coordination
  • Accountability
  • Transparency
  • Sustainability
  • Reporting
  • Feedback mechanisms

Despite different stages of plan development and implementation among the three countries, the report highlighted several shared areas for improvement among the countries, including improving the transparency of funding sources and allocations, regularly reporting progress against AMR goals, and monitoring non-therapeutic use of antimicrobials in animal health. The research was conducted by the London School of Economics Consulting with a research grant from GCOA member Merck.